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Steroidal sterols found in animal and plant tissues are found in the content of unsaponifiable matter. The sterol composition of each oil type is different from each other, as they are considered fingerprints of oils.
Steroids regulate biological processes and are considered membrane enhancers by maintaining the domain structure of cell membranes. While cholesterol is the main sterol in vertebrates, ergosterol plays a key role in fungi. Cholesterol is found in many biological membranes and is the main sterol of animals. Plants generally have more complex sterol compositions, which are involved in the embryonic growth of plants.
Sterols play an important role in fundamental biological processes such as signal transduction, cellular classification, cytoskeletal reorganization, asymmetric growth, and infectious diseases.
The main sterol found in mushrooms is ergosterol. This sterol has unique interaction properties with antibiotics that are effective against fungi. Bacterial sterols, on the other hand, are primitive sterols and are produced by bacteria that thrive in extreme conditions such as temperature, acidity, pressure, and ionic strength.
Sterols are generally found in nuts, oilseeds, legumes and vegetables. Plant sterols have an important place in human health due to their ability to lower good cholesterol (LDL) in the human body.
It is important to determine the sterol content and composition, to prevent adulteration and to prevent different oil mixtures.
