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They are compounds based on triglycerides consisting of fats and oils, glycerol and fatty acids. Fats are the energy source that provides the most energy per unit weight required for all living organisms to survive.
The physical and chemical properties of oils are determined by the ratio and composition of fatty acids they contain. Fatty acids, on the other hand, are a straight hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group in its structure. Properties that distinguish fatty acids from each other; The number of carbons in the hydrocarbon chain, whether there are double bonds between carbon atoms, and the number and location of double bonds found.
Fatty acids are generally divided into saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Fats that consist of a single double bond and are solid at room temperature are saturated fatty acids. Fatty acids containing more than one double bond are called unsaturated fatty acids.
Factors affecting the quality of oil; feeding, technology and processing values are the distribution and position of fatty acids in the oil. The composition of fatty acids is not stable. Usually; Morphological, physiological and genetic factors affect the composition of fatty acids.
Fatty acid compositions of oils in the Turkish Food Codex Communiqué on Oils with the Plant Name (Communiqué No: 2012/29) issued by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock and the Turkish Food Codex Communiqué on Olive Oil and Olive Oil Analysis Methods (Communiqué No: 2014/53), The fatty acid composition is given on the basis of the percentage of total fatty acids.
Monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids are determined within the scope of fatty acid composition analysis. Saturated fatty acids, which must be specified on the label, are an important parameter.
