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Determination of Fumonisin (B₁+B₂): Mycotoxin Analysis and Safety in Foods

What are the Health Hazards of Fumonisin (B₁+B₂)?

Determination of Fumonisin (B₁+B₂): Mycotoxin Analysis and Safety in Foods

What is Fumonisin?

Fumonisins are toxic metabolites produced by Fusarium molds. They are especially common in corn and corn-based products. Fumonisin B₁ (FB₁) and Fumonisin B₂ (FB₂) are the most toxic and common types of fumonisin group mycotoxins. These toxins are critical to food safety and can have serious impacts on human and animal health.


What are the Most Analyzed Foods?

  • Rice
  • Wheat
  • Barley
  • Egypt
  • Rye
  • Oats
  • Asparagus
  • Garlic
  • Beers
  • Dried figs
  • Milk


What are the Origin and Characteristics of Fumonisins?

a) Origin of Fumonisins

  • Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum are the main producers of fumonisins.
  • These molds grow on maize and other cereals in hot and humid conditions.

b) Properties of Fumonisins

  • Chemical Structure: They are polar compounds in molecular structure and easy to separate from food matrices.
  • Heat Resistance: Fumonisins are partially stable during cooking and processing and cannot be completely destroyed.

c) Sources of Contamination

  • Corn and corn products (corn flour, corn flakes, corn starch).
  • Animal feeds.
  • Low levels can be found in fermented products such as beer production.


Health Effects of Fumonisins

Fumonisins have toxic effects on human and animal health. Fumonisin B₁ is classified as a Group 2B carcinogen by the World Health Organization.

a) Effects on Human Health

  1. Carcinogenic Effect: Increases the risk of liver and esophageal cancer in particular.
  2. Neural Tube Defects: High fumonisin exposure during pregnancy may increase the risk of birth defects.
  3. Liver and Kidney Toxicity: May cause liver and kidney damage.
  4. Immune Suppression: It causes a decrease in immune system functions.

b) Effects on Animal Health

  1. Horses: Risk of leukoencephalomalacia (nervous system disorder).
  2. Pigs: Pulmonary edema and immunosuppression may occur.
  3. Poultry: Reduced growth rates and organ damage.

Nanolab Laboratories Group continues to provide services within the scope of Fumonisin (B₁+B₂) Determination. We also provide services for The Determination of Deoxynivalenol (DON) in Foods.

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