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Phthalates are chemical compounds that are mainly used as plasticizers, that is, additives that make plastic products flexible. They are commonly found in packaging, wall and floor coverings, films and foils, tubes, window frames, toys, cables, cosmetics and personal care products.
Due to their usage areas, they can be taken into the body mostly by being absorbed by the skin, by inhalation and especially through toys for babies and small children.
The risk that some phthalates and their metabolites, such as di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), may produce teratogenic or endocrine disrupting effects is an important issue. In a study to determine possible human exposure to phthalates in cosmetics, levels of DEHP, diethyl phthalate (DEP), DBP, and butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) were tested by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 102 brands of hairspray, perfume, deodorant, and nail polish.
DBP was detected in 19 of 21 nail polishes and 11 of 42 perfumes, and DEP in 24 of 42 perfumes and 2 of 8 deodorants. Exposure levels to phthalates in cosmetics by dermal absorption have been estimated at 0.0006 g/kg body weight (vw)/day for DEHP, 0.6 g/kg body weight/day for DEP, and 0.103 g/kg body weight/day for DBP.
Based on these data, the hazard indexes (HI, daily exposure level/regulation level) were calculated as 0.0007 for DEHP, 0.012 for DEP and 0.347 for DBP. These data show that the estimated exposure to phthalates in said cosmetics is relatively small. However, overall exposure levels from various sources may be higher and require further investigation.
